United States Department of Transportation
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Edition:Year 25 Final Report
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Abstract:As cities grow, more goods need to be delivered into urban centers to satisfy growing and varying consumption demands. Although a critical enabler of sustainable growth and quality of life, the urban freight system that delivers these goods is often seen as a nuisance from the public perspective, in large part because commercial vehicles contribute to traffic congestion and make use of public spaces such as loading zones. In this sense, the appropriate usage of public infrastructure by freight vehicles is critical to reduce the impact on society. Local authorities are responsible for providing the adequate quantity at proper locations of public loading zones to satisfy the delivery intensity of a particular city area and regulating the use of them. However, there is a lack of delivery data and suitable models that support local authorities for effective decision and policy making. In this project, the authors propose a high-resolution methodology that balances theoretical and data-driven analysis to design loading zones in order to help local authorities to better deploy loading zones in critical logistics areas so that stakeholders make an efficient use of public infrastructure. Initially the authors conducted a field study to collect primary data in Cambridge, MA. This data collection process involved gathering information about business establishments, parking infrastructure and freight deliveries in the area studied. Then the authors quantify the number of delivery zones required based on the delivery intensity and use location-allocation modeling to locate delivery zones on potential parking locations. Finally, the authors assess the results using discrete event simulation. As a result, the new deployment of loading zones resulted in a 10% reduction of the time that freight vehicles spend parked in the area, which means more public spaces for other purposes.
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